Sec. 13.254.  DECERTIFICATION INITIATED BY UTILITY COMMISSION OR UTILITY; EXPEDITED RELEASE INITIATED BY LANDOWNER.  (a)  The utility commission at any time after notice and hearing may revoke or amend any certificate of public convenience and necessity with the written consent of the certificate holder or if the utility commission finds that:
(1)  the certificate holder has never provided, is no longer providing, is incapable of providing, or has failed to provide continuous and adequate service in the area, or part of the area, covered by the certificate;
(2)  in an affected county as defined in Section 16.341, the cost of providing service by the certificate holder is so prohibitively expensive as to constitute denial of service, provided that, for commercial developments or for residential developments started after September 1, 1997, in an affected county as defined in Section 16.341, the fact that the cost of obtaining service from the currently certificated retail public utility makes the development economically unfeasible does not render such cost prohibitively expensive in the absence of other relevant factors;
(3)  the certificate holder has agreed in writing to allow another retail public utility to provide service within its service area, except for an interim period, without amending its certificate; or
(4)  the certificate holder has failed to file a cease and desist action pursuant to Section 13.252 within 180 days of the date that it became aware that another retail public utility was providing service within its service area, unless the certificate holder demonstrates good cause for its failure to file such action within the 180 days.
(a-1)  As an alternative to decertification under Subsection (a), the owner of a tract of land that is at least 50 acres and that is not in a platted subdivision actually receiving water or sewer service may petition the utility commission under this subsection for expedited release of the area from a certificate of public convenience and necessity so that the area may receive service from another retail public utility.  The fact that a certificate holder is a borrower under a federal loan program is not a bar to a request under this subsection for the release of the petitioner's land and the receipt of services from an alternative provider.  On the day the petitioner submits the petition to the utility commission, the petitioner shall send, via certified mail, a copy of the petition to the certificate holder, who may submit information to the utility commission to controvert information submitted by the petitioner.  The petitioner must demonstrate that:
(1)  a written request for service, other than a request for standard residential or commercial service, has been submitted to the certificate holder, identifying:
(A)  the area for which service is sought;
(B)  the timeframe within which service is needed for current and projected service demands in the area;
(C)  the level and manner of service needed for current and projected service demands in the area;
(D)  the approximate cost for the alternative provider to provide the service at the same level and manner that is requested from the certificate holder;
(E)  the flow and pressure requirements and specific infrastructure needs, including line size and system capacity for the required level of fire protection requested; and
(F)  any additional information requested by the certificate holder that is reasonably related to determination of the capacity or cost for providing the service;
(2)  the certificate holder has been allowed at least 90 calendar days to review and respond to the written request and the information it contains;
(3)  the certificate holder:
(A)  has refused to provide the service;
(B)  is not capable of providing the service on a continuous and adequate basis within the timeframe, at the level, at the approximate cost that the alternative provider is capable of providing for a comparable level of service, or in the manner reasonably needed or requested by current and projected service demands in the area; or
(C)  conditions the provision of service on the payment of costs not properly allocable directly to the petitioner's service request, as determined by the utility commission; and
(4)  the alternate retail public utility from which the petitioner will be requesting service possesses the financial, managerial, and technical capability to provide continuous and adequate service within the timeframe, at the level, at the cost, and in the manner reasonably needed or requested by current and projected service demands in the area.
(a-2)  A landowner is not entitled to file a petition under Subsection (a-1) or Section 13.2541 but is entitled to contest under Subsection (a) the involuntary certification of the landowner's property in a hearing held by the utility commission if the landowner's property is located:
(1)  in the boundaries of any municipality or the extraterritorial jurisdiction of a municipality with a population of more than 500,000 and the municipality or retail public utility owned by the municipality is the holder of the certificate; or
(2)  in a platted subdivision actually receiving water or sewer service.
(a-3)  Within 60 calendar days from the date the utility commission determines the petition filed pursuant to Subsection (a-1) to be administratively complete, the utility commission shall grant the petition unless the utility commission makes an express finding that the petitioner failed to satisfy the elements required in Subsection (a-1) and supports its finding with separate findings and conclusions for each element based solely on the information provided by the petitioner and the certificate holder. The utility commission may grant or deny a petition subject to terms and conditions specifically related to the service request of the petitioner and all relevant information submitted by the petitioner and the certificate holder. In addition, the utility commission may require an award of compensation as otherwise provided by this section. If the utility commission requires an award of compensation, the utility commission shall require the petitioner to submit a report to the utility commission verifying for the purposes of Subsection (d) that the compensation has been paid to the decertified retail public utility.
(a-4)  Chapter 2001, Government Code, does not apply to any petition filed under Subsection (a-1).  The decision of the utility commission on the petition is final after any reconsideration authorized by the utility commission's rules and may not be appealed.
(a-5)  Expired.
(a-6)  Expired.
(a-7)  The utility shall include with the statement of intent provided to each landowner or ratepayer a notice of:
(1)  a proceeding under this section related to certification or decertification;
(2)  the reason or reasons for the proposed rate change; and
(3)  any bill payment assistance program available to low-income ratepayers.
(a-8)  If a certificate holder has never made service available through planning, design, construction of facilities, or contractual obligations to serve the area a petitioner seeks to have released under Subsection (a-1), the utility commission is not required to find that the proposed alternative provider is capable of providing better service than the certificate holder, but only that the proposed alternative provider is capable of providing the requested service.
(a-9)  Subsection (a-8) does not apply to a county that borders the United Mexican States and the Gulf of Mexico or a county adjacent to a county that borders the United Mexican States and the Gulf of Mexico.
(a-10)  Subsection (a-8) does not apply to a county:
(1)  with a population of more than 30,000 and less than 36,000 that borders the Red River; or
(2)  with a population of more than 100,000 and less than 200,000 that borders a county described by Subdivision (1).
(a-11)  Subsection (a-8) does not apply to a county:
(1)  with a population of 170,000 or more that is adjacent to a county with a population of 1.5 million or more that is within 200 miles of an international border; or
(2)  with a population of more than 40,000 and less than 50,000 that contains a portion of the San Antonio River.
(b)  Upon written request from the certificate holder, the utility commission may cancel the certificate of a utility or water supply corporation authorized by rule to operate without a certificate of public convenience and necessity under Section 13.242(c).
(c)  If the certificate of any retail public utility is revoked or amended, the utility commission may require one or more retail public utilities with their consent to provide service in the area in question.  The order of the utility commission shall not be effective to transfer property.
(d)  A retail public utility may not in any way render retail water or sewer service directly or indirectly to the public in an area that has been decertified under this section unless just and adequate compensation required under Subsection (g) has been paid to the decertified retail public utility.
(e)  The determination of the monetary amount of compensation, if any, shall be determined at the time another retail public utility seeks to provide service in the previously decertified area and before service is actually provided.  The utility commission shall ensure that the monetary amount of compensation is determined not later than the 90th calendar day after the date on which a retail public utility notifies the utility commission of its intent to provide service to the decertified area.
(f)  The monetary amount shall be determined by a qualified individual or firm serving as independent appraiser agreed upon by the decertified retail public utility and the retail public utility seeking to serve the area.  The determination of compensation by the independent appraiser shall be binding on the utility commission.  The costs of the independent appraiser shall be borne by the retail public utility seeking to serve the area.
(g)  For the purpose of implementing this section, the value of real property owned and utilized by the retail public utility for its facilities shall be determined according to the standards set forth in Chapter 21, Property Code, governing actions in eminent domain and the value of personal property shall be determined according to the factors in this subsection.  The factors ensuring that the compensation to a retail public utility is just and adequate shall include:  the amount of the retail public utility's debt allocable for service to the area in question; the value of the service facilities of the retail public utility located within the area in question; the amount of any expenditures for planning, design, or construction of service facilities that are allocable to service to the area in question; the amount of the retail public utility's contractual obligations allocable to the area in question; any demonstrated impairment of service or increase of cost to consumers of the retail public utility remaining after the decertification; the impact on future revenues lost from existing customers; necessary and reasonable legal expenses and professional fees; and other relevant factors.  The utility commission shall adopt rules governing the evaluation of these factors.
(g-1)  If the retail public utilities cannot agree on an independent appraiser within 10 calendar days after the date on which the retail public utility notifies the utility commission of its intent to provide service to the decertified area, each retail public utility shall engage its own appraiser at its own expense, and each appraisal shall be submitted to the utility commission within 60 calendar days.  After receiving the appraisals, the utility commission shall appoint a third appraiser who shall make a determination of the compensation within 30 days.  The determination may not be less than the lower appraisal or more than the higher appraisal.  Each retail public utility shall pay half the cost of the third appraisal.
(h)  A certificate holder that has land removed from its certificated service area in accordance with this section may not be required, after the land is removed, to provide service to the removed land for any reason, including the violation of law or utility commission or commission rules by a water or sewer system of another person.
Added by Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 795, Sec. 3.005, eff. Sept. 1, 1985.  Amended by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. 539, Sec. 20, eff. Sept. 1, 1987;  Acts 1989, 71st Leg., ch. 567, Sec. 31, eff. Sept. 1, 1989;  Acts 1993, 73rd Leg., ch. 652, Sec. 4, eff. Aug. 30, 1993;  Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 1010, Sec. 6.10, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.
Amended by: 
Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 1145 (H.B. 2876), Sec. 9, eff. September 1, 2005.
Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 1145 (H.B. 2876), Sec. 13(1), eff. September 1, 2005.
Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1325 (S.B. 573), Sec. 4, eff. September 1, 2011.
Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 170 (H.B. 1600), Sec. 2.55, eff. September 1, 2013.
Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 171 (S.B. 567), Sec. 55, eff. September 1, 2013.
Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 688 (S.B. 2272), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2019.
Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 688 (S.B. 2272), Sec. 2, eff. September 1, 2019.
Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 688 (S.B. 2272), Sec. 4, eff. September 1, 2019.
Acts 2021, 87th Leg., R.S., Ch. 226 (H.B. 837), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2021.
Acts 2023, 88th Leg., R.S., Ch. 644 (H.B. 4559), Sec. 276, eff. September 1, 2023.